The first special security department was the Department on Protecting the Order and Public Peace under the Head of St. History įorerunners of the Okhrana as a Russian security service included the Secret Prikaz ( Taynyy Prikaz ) (1654–1676), the Preobrazhensky Prikaz (1686–1726), the Secret Chancellery (1731–1762), the Secret Expedition (1762–1801), and the Third Section of His Imperial Majesty's Own Chancellery (1826–1880). Claims persisted the Okhrana had operated torture chambers in places like Warsaw, Riga, Odessa and in a majority of the urban centres. Possibly, the formation of the Okhrana led to increasing use of torture, due to the Okhrana using methods such as arbitrary arrest, detention and torture to gain information. In the early 19th century, the practice of torture was never truly abolished. It never received more than 10% of the total police budget. The Okhrana was perpetually underfunded and understaffed before 1914 it had just 49 employees split between seven offices and never had more than 2,000 informants at any one time. Suspects captured by the Okhrana were passed to the judicial system of the Russian Empire. The organization also fabricated documentation connected with the antisemitic Beilis trial of 1913. Many historians, such as the German historian Konrad Heiden and the Russian historian Mikhail Lepekhine maintain that Matvei Golovinski, a writer and Okhrana agent, fabricated the first edition of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion (1903). ) and with the participation of Pyotr Rutenberg. The Communists blamed the Okhrana in part for the Bloody Sunday event of January 1905, when Tsarist troops killed hundreds of unarmed protesters who were marching during a demonstration organized by Father Gapon. The Okhrana tried to compromise the labour movement by setting up police-run trade unions, a practice known as zubatovshchina. The Okhrana became notorious for its agents provocateurs, including Jacob Zhitomirsky (born 1880, a leading Bolshevik and close associate of Vladimir Lenin), Yevno Azef (1869–1918), Roman Malinovsky (1876–1918) and Dmitry Bogrov (1887–1911). The Okhrana's Foreign Agency also served to monitor revolutionary activity. The Okhrana deployed multiple methods, including covert operations, undercover agents, and "perlustration"-the reading of private correspondence. It concentrated on monitoring the activities of Russian revolutionaries abroad, including in Paris, where the Okhrana agent Pyotr Rachkovsky (1853–1910) was based (1884–1902) before returning to service in Saint Petersburg (1905–1906). 'the guard') was a secret-police force of the Russian Empire and part of the police department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD) in the late 19th century and early 20th century, aided by the Special Corps of Gendarmes.įormed to combat political terrorism and left-wing revolutionary activity, the Okhrana operated offices throughout the Russian Empire, as well as satellite agencies in a number of foreign countries. Subjects covered in this collection range from hidden passion in a restaurant kitchen in ‘The Quiet One” through abrupt reprimands from the ‘master’ in ‘Your Smell Like Chocolate’ to the initiation of young and very keen girl to the delights of fantasy and phone sex by an older man in ‘Our favourite Game’.Ī heady blend of fantasy and reality bangs the drum for yet another twist in the development of the Agent Provocateur branded books keying in to the trend for memoirs of sexually license (following in the high-heeled footsteps of The Story of O Anais Nin’s short stories and ‘Belle De Jour: the Intimate Adventures of a London Call Girl’ (Weidenfeld).The Department for Protecting the Public Security and Order ( Russian: Отделение по охранению общественной безопасности и порядка), usually called the Guard Department (Russian: Охранное отделение) and commonly abbreviated in modern English sources as the Okhrana (Russian: Охрана, IPA: ( listen), lit. They are chosen for their literary merit as much as their erotic content. Each carefully commissioned story is written by strong new talent. Intelligent, sexually frank and stimulatingly revealing, the stories cover the secret affairs, thoughts and fantasies which turn women on. ‘Secrets’ is a collection of sexually provocative stories.
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